denlove | October 24, 2011
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Typed versus untyped languages

0262162091.01. SCMZZ Typed versus untyped languagesA language is typed if the specification of every operation defines types of data to which the operation is applicable, with the implication that it is not applicable to other types.[ For example, the data represented by “this text between the quotes” is a string. In most programming languages, dividing a number by a string has no meaning. Most modern programming languages will therefore reject any program attempting to perform such an operation. In some languages, the meaningless operation will be detected when the program is compiled (“static” type checking), and rejected by the compiler, while in others, it will be detected when the program is run (“dynamic” type checking), resulting in a runtime exception.

A special case of typed languages are the single-type languages. These are often scripting or markup languages, such as REXX or SGML, and have only one data type—most commonly character strings which are used for both symbolic and numeric data.

In contrast, an untyped language, such as most assembly languages, allows any operation to be performed on any data, which are generally considered to be sequences of bits of various lengths. High-level languages which are untyped include BCPL and some varieties of Forth.

In practice, while few languages are considered typed from the point of view of type theory (verifying or rejecting all operations), most modern languages offer a degree of typing. Many production languages provide means to bypass or subvert the type system).

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denlove | October 20, 2011
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IronRuby

“IronRuby is an implementation of the Ruby programming language targeting Microsoft .NET framework. It is implemented on top of the Dynamic Language Runtime (DLR), a library running on top of the Common Language Infrastructure that provides dynamic typing and dynamic method dispatch, among other things, for dynamic languages.”
ironruby IronRuby
IronRuby is an excellent addition to the .NET Framework, providing Ruby developers with the power of the .NET framework. Existing .NET developers can also use IronRuby as a fast and expressive scripting language for embedding, testing, or writing a new application from scratch.

The CLR is a great platform for creating programming languages, and the DLR makes it all the better for dynamic languages. Also, the .NET framework (base class library, presentation foundation, Silverlight, etc.) gives developers an amazing amount of functionality and power.

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denlove | October 20, 2011
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Introduction to Caml

Caml-”Collaborative Application Markup Language”

caml 77109837 Introduction to Caml
Collaborative Application Markup Language is an XML-based language that is used in Microsoft SharePoint Foundation to define the fields and views that are used in sites and lists.It is very expressive, yet easy to learn and use. Caml supports functional, imperative, and object-oriented programming styles. It has been developed and distributed by INRIA, a French research institute in computer science and applied mathematics, since 1985.
Introduction to Caml
CAML can be used in various ways to customize a SharePoint site, including the following:

-In script or code that implements members of the SharePoint Foundation object model, where CAML strings are passed through method parameters, assigned to properties, or returned by methods and properties

-In SOAP messaging that passes CAML strings to a SharePoint Foundation Web service to interact remotely with a deployment

-In front-end site definitions used to instantiate SharePoint sites

-In SharePoint Foundation Features to add specific functionality within a particular scope.

Category: Caml |
denlove | October 19, 2011
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The pros and cons of JavaScript

Advantages of JavaScript

javascript11 The pros and cons of JavaScript Speed. Being client-side, JavaScript is very fast because any code functions can be run immediately instead of having to contact the server and wait for an answer.
Simplicity. JavaScript is relatively simple to learn and implement.
Versatility. JavaScript plays nicely with other languages and can be used in a huge variety of applications. Unlike PHP or SSI scripts, JavaScript can be inserted into any web page regardless of the file extension. JavaScript can also be used inside scripts written in other languages such as Perl and PHP.
Server Load. Being client-side reduces the demand on the website server.

Disadvantages of JavaScript

Security. Because the code executes on the users’ computer, in some cases it can be exploited for malicious purposes. This is one reason some people choose to disable JavaScript.
Reliance on End User. JavaScript is sometimes interpreted differently by different browsers. Whereas server-side scripts will always produce the same output, client-side scripts can be a little unpredictable. Don’t be overly concerned by this though – as long as you test your script in all the major browsers you should be safe.

Category: Uncategorized |
denlove | October 16, 2011
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Basic Pros and Cons for the PHP programming language

Pros:
# It’s a quick and easy server side scripting language.
# It works well with databases, file systems, images.
# It has regular expression support.
# It has extensive database support.
# There are more then a few 3rd party (free!) Database Abstraction Api’s available to it.
# The syntax is familiar to the myriad programmers that know any other C based language.
# Being one of the most popular server side scripting languages available, there are quite a few very useful and free products available. There is also a lot of free support available.
# It is interpreted, so your build cycle is super short. If you need the speed of a compiled language, you can use a compiler with it, or you can write what you need in C, and use the excellent CPHP interface.
# It is widely available with the apache web server, meaning cheap hosting and many people already have access to it.
# Released under the PHP Licence, which is very BSD like.
# The online manual is widely regarded to be the best of any programming language.
# There is an extremely large body of built in functions, and there is an extension repository with even more.
Which is the best php ide Basic Pros and Cons for the PHP programming language
Cons:
# Global configuration parameters can change language semantics, complicating deployment and portability. “However, most of these can be set at numerous levels: per-virtual host, per-directory, and even within a single script file, by using site-specific php.ini files, directory-specific .htaccess files, and ini_set().
# Lacks named parameters, which have to be simulated with associative arrays or other techniques.
# Existing database API’s hard-wire DB vendor names into code. (It is easy to write your own procedural or OOP wrappers, however, to make swapping DB vendor easier.) This is only if you choose to use the built-in API’s, rather then using one of the many free database abstraction API’s. Arguably, there already is an abstraction API in PHP, using the PEAR DB library or even PHP’s native PDO extension.
# Register Globals – This is a known issue with PHP, and newer versions (PHP 4.1 onwards) do not allow this by default. “Register globals” is a configuration setting that takes all Get, Post, File Upload, Cookie and Session vars, and put them in the global scope. This mode of working with PHP has been deprecated. Therefore no longer a con
# Constantly changing. There hasn’t been a release of PHP that didn’t have a number of problems. The only way to get rid of them is to upgrade, but then you get new problems, because they don’t have separate stable and development branches. Is this fair? does every language not have its own fair share of problems? Also, in my experience, the language itself seems pretty stable, but the extensions are the ones with the problems, which sounds about right anyway…) Or rather, the constant changes require you to get updates for security holes if you write cruddy code.

Category: PHP | Tags: ,
denlove | October 15, 2011
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The Best Programming Language for a Lean Startup

python logo 1 The Best Programming Language for a Lean StartupIf you have ever wondered which is the best programming language now you found the answer: It depends. In depends on what you need, because we cannot say Python is better than PHP without noting the circumstances we need that programming language .

1. If you are a programmer, just pick what you know the best. This isn’t the time to learn Python if you’re already a PHP stud. Get coding, start failing, start learning.

2. If your employees or partners are programmers, just ask them what they can use to iterate the fastest. 99% of the time it is whatever they already know. This isn’t the time to “build it in Erlang for future scalability”. You should be so lucky to have scaling problems some day.
php The Best Programming Language for a Lean Startup
What is the best programming you can start with?
Here a few answers:
“if you want to be a web developer HTML CSS and JavaScript are your best goals

Web programming I also agree should be PHP
As a main programming language for the computer
C++ would do.
Java as an alternative C is also an alternative ”

“Python would probably be the best first programming language to learn. It’s the easiest and the only beginner learn-able language that is used by professionals (e.g. Walt Disney Imagineers). Since it is a high-level programming language, the syntax is not confusing, and probably is comparable to C++ in our fast computer age. Python can be looked at as a sort of stepping stone, once you master Python, mastering C/C++, Perl, PHP, Java, etc., will become much easier. And also, with Python, you can code at lightning speed”

As you all may see, opinions my vary from user to user, so it is essentially to be informed and prepared before you start learning a programming language, mostly if you want to become a good developer. And remember, developers make great products, not the programming language.

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denlove | October 14, 2011
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Differences between Java and Java Script

The main difference is that Java can stand on its own while JavaScript must (primarily) be placed inside an HTML document to function. Java is a much larger and more complicated language that creates “standalone” applications. A Java “applet” (so-called because it is a little application) is a fully contained program. JavaScript is text that is fed into a browser that can interpret it and then it is enacted by the browser–although today’s web apps are starting to blur the line between traditional desktop applications and those which are created using the traditional web technologies: JavaScript, HTML and CSS.
training java core Differences between Java and Java Script
How the language is presented to the end user (that’s you when you’re surfing)is another difference between them. Java must be compiled into what is known as a “machine language” before it can be run on the Web. Basically what happens is after the programmer writes the Java program and checks it for errors, he or she hands the text over to another computer program that changes the text code into a smaller language. That smaller language is formatted so that it is seen by the computer as a set program with definite beginning and ending points. Nothing can be added to it and nothing can be subtracted without destroying the program.
javascript1 Differences between Java and Java Script
Main Differences between Java and JavaScript
• Java is an object oriented programming language whereas JavaScript is more of a scripting language.
• JavaScript is used to make the web pages more interactive. However, Java can be used not only to make interactive web pages but can also be used to create server side applications and standalone programming.
• Java uses the concept of classes and objects that makes reuse of the code easier but there is no such thing in JavaScript.
• Java exhibits the properties like inheritance, data encapsulation and polymorphism whereas JavaScript does not.

Category: Java, JavaScript | Tags: ,
denlove | October 9, 2011
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Structure of a C++ program

cats2 Structure of a C++ program

// my first program in C++

This is a comment line. All lines beginning with two slash signs (//) are considered comments and do not have any effect on the behavior of the program. The programmer can use them to include short explanations or observations within the source code itself. In this case, the line is a brief description of what our program is.

#include

Lines beginning with a hash sign (#) are directives for the preprocessor. They are not regular code lines with expressions but indications for the compiler’s preprocessor. In this case the directive #include tells the preprocessor to include the iostream standard file. This specific file (iostream) includes the declarations of the basic standard input-output library in C++, and it is included because its functionality is going to be used later in the program.

using namespace std;

All the elements of the standard C++ library are declared within what is called a namespace, the namespace with the name std. So in order to access its functionality we declare with this expression that we will be using these entities. This line is very frequent in C++ programs that use the standard library, and in fact it will be included in most of the source codes included in these tutorials.

int main ()

This line corresponds to the beginning of the definition of the main function. The main function is the point by where all C++ programs start their execution, independently of its location within the source code. It does not matter whether there are other functions with other names defined before or after it – the instructions contained within this function’s definition will always be the first ones to be executed in any C++ program. For that same reason, it is essential that all C++ programs have a main function.

The word main is followed in the code by a pair of parentheses (()). That is because it is a function declaration: In C++, what differentiates a function declaration from other types of expressions are these parentheses that follow its name. Optionally, these parentheses may enclose a list of parameters within them.

Right after these parentheses we can find the body of the main function enclosed in braces ({}). What is contained within these braces is what the function does when it is executed.
cout << "Hello World!";
This line is a C++ statement. A statement is a simple or compound expression that can actually produce some effect. In fact, this statement performs the only action that generates a visible effect in our first program.

cout is the name of the standard output stream in C++, and the meaning of the entire statement is to insert a sequence of characters (in this case the Hello World sequence of characters) into the standard output stream (cout, which usually corresponds to the screen).

cout is declared in the iostream standard file within the std namespace, so that's why we needed to include that specific file and to declare that we were going to use this specific namespace earlier in our code.

Notice that the statement ends with a semicolon character (;). This character is used to mark the end of the statement and in fact it must be included at the end of all expression statements in all C++ programs (one of the most common syntax errors is indeed to forget to include some semicolon after a statement).
return 0;
The return statement causes the main function to finish. return may be followed by a return code (in our example is followed by the return code with a value of zero). A return code of 0 for the main function is generally interpreted as the program worked as expected without any errors during its execution. This is the most usual way to end a C++ console program.

Category: C++ |
denlove | October 8, 2011
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Introduction to C/C++

The C language was developed in 1972 by Dennis Richie at Bell Telephone laboratories, primarily as a systems programming language.

C ended up being so efficient and flexible that in 1973, Ritchie and Ken Thompson rewrote most of the UNIX operating system using C. Many previous operating systems had been written in assembly. Unlike assembly, which ties a program to a specific CPU, C’s excellent portability allowed UNIX to be recompiled on many different types of computers, speeding its adoption. C and Unix had their fortunes tied together, and C’s popularity was in part tied to the success of UNIX as an operating system.

C++ adds many new features to the C language, and is perhaps best thought of as a superset of C, though this is not strictly true as C99 introduced a few features that do not exist in C++. C++’s claim to fame results primarily from the fact that it is an object-oriented language. As for what an object is and how it differs from traditional programming methods, well, we’ll cover that in other following posts.

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Aja | October 5, 2011
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How to start programming?

keyboard71 300x199 How to start programming?Programming is a lot of fun and useful. While you learn to program, you’ll also develop analytical and critical thinking skill. Programming skills may also help you start a new career in IT area. Computer programming is almost always done in some sort of Programming Language. Programming languages are a way for you to express your thoughts about how to perform a specific task. There’s hundreds, even thousands of programming languages out there. You don’t need to learn them all to be a good programmer, in fact, many of them use the same paradigm as other languages, so by learning one programming language, you’ll probably have a “Reading knowledge” of several others and by able to learn it completely rather quickly. Some languages are geared for specific purposes. C, Java, etc are meant to be “general purpose” languages for building software and computer applications (like a web browser). Languages like PHP are meant for dynamic websites (like wikiHow!) And there are others still: Python, Perl, etc are “general scripting languages” meant for performing a wide variety of small tasks.

You are never too old or too young to start programming and it is not as hard as you think. Computer Programming is a subject that people are generally afraid of, the idea of typing in codes line after line sounds both boring and confusing, but the ability to create software is really fun and will give you a whole new view on how computers work. Being able to develop software is a skill that comes with great benefits and a skill that is actually not hard to learn.

Basic tips for You understand whether you are ready to do programming or not:

1. Make sure that that programming is something that you’d enjoy.

2. One nice thing about computer programming is that it’s something you can learn at home. Start with a good book or tutorial on programming. There are an endless number of books and online tutorials for every programming language for you to explore. Invest some time in learning at least one programming language on your own. You should be excited and fascinated as you learn about it. In order to be successful in the field of software development you really need to enjoy what you’re doing.

3. Take some computer programming classes or get a college degree. Future employers will need to see some sort of proof that you’ve learned to program. Some companies actually require that applicants have college degree.

4. Get a compiler/interpreter/IDE for the programming language your book uses. A compiler/interpreter is just another computer program, but it will convert ideas you’ve written in a programming language into “machine code” so you can see things work. Take examples of the programming language from the book and put them into your interpreter. Try changing the examples and making the program do different things.

5. Once you start actively programming in your first language, you may want to learn a second one. You’ll get the most out of learning a second programming language if you pick one that uses a radically different paradigm than the one you started with. For instance, if you started in Scheme, you might try learning C or Java next. If you started in Java, you could learn Perl or Python.

6. Look into contributing to an open source project. “Open source” is a term for software that gets developed by people donating their time to work on it. Open source projects are usually run by a small group of people who accept (or reject) code changes from contributors and incorporate them into the project. Well known examples of open source software are Linux, Firefox, and Open Office. Open source experience isn’t as valuable as on the job experience but it does show employers that you have a passion for software development which is important.

7. Continue programming and trying new things! To be a good programmer, you, at the very least, have to keep up with changing technology. Its a constant learning process, and you should always be learning new languages, new paradigms, and most importantly: programming new things!

8. Once you’ve completed some combination of the above steps, put together your resume and start applying for small jobs. There are plenty of online job boards for software development positions.

Good luck and all the best wishes with studying and working on IT field.

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